The study of early development and evolution of Torrentophryne aspinia

Torrentophryne aspinia is a new kind of toads discovered in China recently, it lives in the forest floor in West Yunnan, the most important things for this kind of species is that they have a kind of torrent-adapted tadpoles which have abdominal suckers and can adhere to the surfaces of rocks in moving waters. In this article, we described the forming procedures of abdominal suker and some breeding behaviors, habitats and habits. After comparing with those of other toads, it is confirmed that Torrentophryne shoul be a new valid genus, it is derived from ancestor toads because of adaptation to the torrent habitats, by the forming of torrent-adapted organ-abdominal sucker in th early development