Advances and applications of animal models of severe combined immunodeficiency constructed using genome editing

Severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID) is characterized by severe immune system dysfunction that can cause infection and subsequent death. Animal models provide opportunities for in vivo studies of biological processes and disease treatment. Based on traditional gene modification methods, new targeted gene editing techniques (ZFN, TALEN, CRISPR/Cas9, and base editing) have promoted SCID model generation. SCID models have not only deepened our understanding of various diseases but also contributed greatly to cancer treatment, stem cell transplantation, organ transplantation, and infectious disease treatment. This review summarizes the current SCID models available that are generated using novel gene-editing methods and summarizes the research about these models and their potential applications in translational biomedicine.