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新冠病毒Mu突变株对灭活疫苗诱导抗体具有显著增强的免疫逃逸

Emerging SARS-CoV-2 B.1.621/Mu variant is prominently resistant to inactivated vaccine-elicited antibodies

  • 摘要: 2021年8月30,国际卫生组织WHO 宣布新冠病毒Mu(B.1.621)为全球新冠关注突变株(variant of interest; VOI)。截止9月份,Mu突变株已在全球超过20多个国家流行。最近香港三名外来人员被鉴定携带感染Mu突变株,为周边国家地区新冠疫情防控增加了新的不确定性。因此,作为新发突变株,及时研究揭示Mu突变株的感染性和免疫逃逸能力至关重要,为全球Mu毒株监测和现有疫苗对其保护性评价提供基础。我们利用假病毒系统评价D614G、Delta、Mu突变株的感染性和免疫逃逸。结果显示,Mu突变株具有比D614G更强的感染性,但低于目前流行最为广泛的Delta突变株,暗示Mu毒株相对温和的传播性。但是,Mu突变株具有甚至比Delta更强的对灭活疫苗免疫血清的免疫抵抗,暗示Mu毒株超强的免疫逃逸能力,有可能与目前认为免疫逃逸较强的Beta突变株比肩。这项研究揭示了对Mu突变株进行全球监测的必要性;同时,开展评价现有疫苗对Mu突变株的保护效力的工作已十分必要。

     

    Abstract: Although it first appeared almost two years ago, the COVID-19 pandemic continues to have an impact on a global scale, in part due to newly emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants such as Delta and Lambda. The B.1.621 variant, first identified in Colombia in January 2021, was classified as a variant of interest (VOI) and designated as Mu by the World Health Organization (WHO) in August 2021. However, its infectivity and resistance to neutralizing antibodies remain largely unknown. Here, in comparison to Delta, the Mu variant showed an unexpectedly enhanced immune resistance to inactivated vaccine-elicited antibodies. Nevertheless, Mu demonstrated less infectivity than Delta, implying a biological trade-off between viral transmission and immune escape. This study strongly calls for urgent evaluation of the protective efficacy of current COVID-19 vaccines against the Mu variant.

     

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