准噶尔麻蜥在中国有分布吗？利用DNA条形码和形态学分析进行物种界定和鉴别

Jin-Long Liu; Tatjana N. Dujsebayeva; Marina A. Chirikova; Xiong Gong; Da-Jiang Li; Xian-Guang Guo

doi:10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2020.318

准噶尔麻蜥在中国有分布吗？利用DNA条形码和形态学分析进行物种界定和鉴别

doi: 10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2020.318

1.
中国科学院成都生物研究所，四川成都610041，中国
2.
Institute of Zoology of Republic of Kazakhstan, Almaty 050060, Kazakhstan

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-11-01
- 录用日期: 2021-03-24
- 网络出版日期: 2021-04-07
- 刊出日期: 2021-05-18

Does the Dzungarian racerunner (Eremias dzungarica Orlova, Poyarkov, Chirikova, Nazarov, Munkhbaatar, Munkhbayar & Terbish, 2017) occur in China? Species delimitation and identification with DNA barcoding and morphometric analyses

1.
Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
2.
Institute of Zoology of Republic of Kazakhstan, Almaty 050060, Kazakhstan

Funds: This work was supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDA20050201) and National Natural Science Foundation of China (32070433 to X.G.G. and 32000288 to J.L.L.)

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Corresponding author: E-mail: guoxg@cib.ac.cn

摘要

摘要: 密点-荒漠麻蜥复合体是麻蜥属中的胎生类群，是分类复杂类群的著名代表。在此复合体中，最近在蒙古西部和哈萨克斯坦东部发现了一个新种––准噶尔麻蜥（Eremias dzungarica Orlova et al., 2017），在中国西北有明显的分布空缺。在该研究中，我们采用整合分类学方法来探讨准噶尔麻蜥是否确实在中国有分布。在哈萨克斯坦东部和邻近的中国阿勒泰地区采集了30号先前被归为密点麻蜥的标本，对DNA条形码COI基因进行测序，与Orlova等人的条形码数据整合编译，并使用标准和多种条形码技术进行分析。我们检测到此复合体不存在条形码间隙，这表明在有较高种内多样性的Eremias sp. 3中有潜在的隐存种，并且在支系A中有多个新近演化的物种。BIN和GMYC均界定出不切实际的物种数量（分别为23和26）；而ABGD、mPTP和BPP显示的物种数量较为保守（分别为10、12和15），与先前根据系统发育树定义的种级谱系基本一致。通过分子系统发育和形态学检查，该研究采集的30只个体均被可靠地鉴定为准噶尔麻蜥，证实了该物种在中国新疆阿勒泰地区有分布。由于该研究的样本量较大，形态学分析与准噶尔麻蜥原始描述存在许多不一致之处，主要表现为性二态性以及不同性状的量值范围更宽。
- DNA条形码 /
- 麻蜥属 /
- 形态学 /
- 物种界定 /
- 密点-荒漠麻蜥复合体
Abstract: The Eremias multiocellata-przewalskii species complex is a viviparous group in the genus Eremias, and a well-known representative of taxonomically complicated taxa. Within this complex, a new species – E. dzungarica (Orlova et al., 2017) – has been described recently from western Mongolia and eastern Kazakhstan, with an apparent distribution gap in northwestern China. In this study, we used an integrative taxonomic framework to address whether E. dzungarica indeed occurs in China. Thirty specimens previously classified as E. multiocellata were collected in eastern Kazakhstan and the adjacent Altay region in China. The cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) barcodes were sequenced and compiled with those from Orlova et al. (2017) and analyzed with the standard and diverse barcoding techniques. We detected an absence of a barcoding gap in this complex, which indicates potential cryptic species in Eremias sp. 3 with high intraspecific diversity and multiple recently evolved species in Clade A. Both BIN and GMYC suggested an unrealistically large number of species (23 and 26, respectively), while ABGD, mPTP and BPP indicated a more conservative number of species (10, 12, and 15, respectively), largely concordant with the previously defined species-level lineages according to phylogenetic trees. Based on molecular phylogeny and morphological examination, all 30 individuals collected in this study were reliably identified as E. dzungarica – a distinct species – confirming the occurrence of this species in the Altay region, Xinjiang, China. Potentially owing to the larger sample size in this study, our morphological analyses revealed many inconsistencies with the original descriptions of E. dzungarica, which were primarily associated with sexual dimorphism and a broader range of values for various traits.
- DNA barcoding /
- Eremias /
- Morphology /
- Species delimitation /
- Species identification; Viviparous species

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Figure 1. Collection sites of Eremias multiocellata-przewalskii species complex samples and phylogenetic relationships and species delimitation

A: Sites are numbered as in Supplementary Table S1. Colored symbols correspond to different lineages in Figure 1B and those in Orlova et al. (2017), except light green circles, which represent sampling sites in this study. Orange outlines distribution range of E. dzungarica. B: NJ tree based on barcoding mitochondrial COI haplotypes. Each colored vertical bar represents a species delimited by each method tested. Numbers beside the nodes indicate bootstrap support proportion (BSP) for NJ and ML as well as Bayesian posterior probabilities (BPP), respectively. Dashes beside nodes indicate support values with BSP<50 or BPP<0.5. Colored symbols correspond to Figure 1A, except the light green branches and light green circle, which represent the samples collected in this study.

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Figure 2. General view of wild specimens from field recordings in eastern Kazakhstan and western Altay region, China

A1−A5: females; B1−B3: males. All photos were taken by Jin-Long Liu.

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