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2020: 探索热带半穴居蛇Ninia atrata的生殖生态. 动物学研究, 41(2): 157-171. DOI: 10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2020.015
引用本文: 2020: 探索热带半穴居蛇Ninia atrata的生殖生态. 动物学研究, 41(2): 157-171. DOI: 10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2020.015
Teddy Angarita-Sierra, Cesar Alejandro López-Hurtado. 2020: Exploring the reproductive ecology of the tropical semifossorial snake Ninia atrata. Zoological Research, 41(2): 157-171. DOI: 10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2020.015
Citation: Teddy Angarita-Sierra, Cesar Alejandro López-Hurtado. 2020: Exploring the reproductive ecology of the tropical semifossorial snake Ninia atrata. Zoological Research, 41(2): 157-171. DOI: 10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2020.015

探索热带半穴居蛇Ninia atrata的生殖生态

Exploring the reproductive ecology of the tropical semifossorial snake Ninia atrata

  • 摘要: 本研究以组织学分析和野外研究为基础,描述了生活在油棕榈种植园间的Ninia atrata蛇种群的生殖生态情况。此外,通过多元分析,我们探讨了N. atrata蛇繁殖产量的主要驱动因素。结果表明,猎物数量和食物摄取量是影响N. atrata蛇生殖产量的关键因素。多元线性回归模型显示,幼蛇对极端气候变化具有较高的敏感性(R2=55.29%),这与蛞蝓和蜗牛的丰度变化和微生境质量密切相关。生殖周期在雌雄两性之间存在显著差异,雄性是连续的,而雌性的生殖是周期性的。尽管存在这种差异,在种群水平上的生殖周期是季节性的半同步的。全年不间断的幼蛇出生、多胎、较高的交配频率和精子的持续生产是N. atrata蛇类的生殖特点。此外,有相当数量的未发生生殖的雌性出现有输卵管精子和子宫瘢痕,这表明该物种有较高的早熟率。生殖产出的主要驱动因素也因性别而异。在雌性中,一窝蛋的大小和次级卵泡的可变性与胃容量、脂肪体面积和体重高度相关。在雄性中,成堆的棕榈叶的高度和体重是精子产生的主要驱动因素,而不是内在的生殖特征。然而,在这两种情况下,体重、猎物数量和食物摄取量之间的关系表明,N. atrata遵循摄入繁殖策略,以补偿生殖成本和使适合度最大化。

     

    Abstract: Based on histological analyses and field studies, this research describes the reproductive ecology of a population of Ninia atrata snakes inhabiting an oil palm plantation. Furthermore, through a multivariate approach, we explored the main drivers of reproductive output in N. atrata. Results showed that prey abundance and food intake were crucial variables contributing to reproductive output. Multiple linear regression models showed that neonates had high sensitivity (R2=55.29%) to extreme changes in climate, which was strongly related to slug and snail abundance variability and microhabitat quality. Reproductive cycles were markedly different between the sexes, being continuous in males and cyclical in females. Despite this variation, reproductive cycles at the population level were seasonal semi-synchronous. Constant recruitment of neonates all year, multiple clutches, high mating frequency, and continuous sperm production characterized the reproductive phenology of N. atrata. In addition, a significant number of previtellogenic females presented oviductal sperm as well as uterine scars, suggesting a high precocity in the species. The main drivers of reproductive output also differed between the sexes. In females, clutch size and secondary follicle variability were highly related to stomach bolus volume, fat body area, and body mass. In males, height of piles of palm leaves and body mass, rather than intrinsic reproductive traits, were the main drivers of sperm production. Nevertheless, in both cases, the relationship between body mass, prey abundance, and food intake suggests that N. atrata follows the income breeding strategy to compensate for reproductive costs and to maximize fitness.

     

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