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陈兴汉, 杨森, 杨尉, 司圆圆, 许瑞雯, 范斌, 王乐, 蒙子宁. 2020: 半咸水性多毛类蠕虫疣吻沙蚕的种群遗传结构和历史演化动态. 动物学研究, 41(1): 61-69. DOI: 10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2020.006
引用本文: 陈兴汉, 杨森, 杨尉, 司圆圆, 许瑞雯, 范斌, 王乐, 蒙子宁. 2020: 半咸水性多毛类蠕虫疣吻沙蚕的种群遗传结构和历史演化动态. 动物学研究, 41(1): 61-69. DOI: 10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2020.006
Xing-Han Chen, Sen Yang, Wei Yang, Yuan-Yuan Si, Rui-Wen Xu, Bin Fan, Le Wang, Zi-Ning Meng. 2020: First genetic assessment of brackish water polychaete Tylorrhynchus heterochaetus: mitochondrial COI sequences reveal strong genetic differentiation and population expansion in samples collected from southeast China and north Vietnam. Zoological Research, 41(1): 61-69. DOI: 10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2020.006
Citation: Xing-Han Chen, Sen Yang, Wei Yang, Yuan-Yuan Si, Rui-Wen Xu, Bin Fan, Le Wang, Zi-Ning Meng. 2020: First genetic assessment of brackish water polychaete Tylorrhynchus heterochaetus: mitochondrial COI sequences reveal strong genetic differentiation and population expansion in samples collected from southeast China and north Vietnam. Zoological Research, 41(1): 61-69. DOI: 10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2020.006

半咸水性多毛类蠕虫疣吻沙蚕的种群遗传结构和历史演化动态

First genetic assessment of brackish water polychaete Tylorrhynchus heterochaetus: mitochondrial COI sequences reveal strong genetic differentiation and population expansion in samples collected from southeast China and north Vietnam

  • 摘要: 疣吻沙蚕隶属环节动物门多毛纲,广泛分布于西太平洋沿岸的咸淡水交汇水域。它不仅可以作为生物标志物监控水质,而且在水产业中还是优良的生物饵料, 还是亚洲某些地区人们喜食的高档水产品。近年来,由于生态栖息地的破坏及过度捕捞等的影响,导致疣吻沙蚕的自然资源量锐减。为了更好地保护和利用这一资源,本研究基于线粒体COI基因对疣吻沙蚕的种群遗传变异和历史演化动态进行了研究。来自中国东南和越南北部沿海地区自然群体的320个个体共发现94个核苷酸多态位点和85个单倍型,呈现较高的单倍型多样性 (Hd=0.926) 和相对较低的核苷酸多样性 (π=0.032)。基于遗传分化指数ΦST (0.026–0.951, P<0.01) 可检测到6个显著遗传分化的地理群体,并且地理距离和遗传距离间呈现明显的距离隔离模式 (r=0.873, P=0.001)。利用单倍型构建的系统进化树及单倍型网络图均显示不同地理群体可分为三个遗传谱系,分子方差分析 ( AMOVA) 表明分支间的遗传变异是总变异的主要来源 (89.96%)。中性检验及错配分布显示疣吻沙蚕于更新世中晚期,距今约1.7–24.6万年前经历过显著的种群扩张。本研究首次对疣吻沙蚕的遗传背景进行了初步评估,可为本物种的种质资源保护提供依据并有助于更好了解其生态和进化历史。

     

    Abstract: Tylorrhynchus heterochaetus is a widespread benthic polychaete worm found in coastal brackish waters of the west Pacific. It has high ecological and economic value as a biomarker of water quality and as a high-quality feed in aquaculture and fisheries and is considered a delicacy in some areas of Asia. However, it has experienced a marked reduction in recent years due to overexploitation as well as changes in the environment and climate. Here, to comprehensively understand its genetic background and thus provide insights for better conservation and utilization of this species, we assessed the genetic variability and demographic history of T. heterochaetus individuals sampled from eight locations along the coasts of southeast China and north Vietnam based on mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) sequences. We observed high haplotype diversity (Hd), with an average of 0.926, but relatively low nucleotide diversity (π), with a mean of 0.032 across all samples. A total of 94 polymorphic sites and 85 haplotypes were identified among 320 individuals. The pairwise genetic distances among haplotypes ranged from 0.001 to 0.067, with the high intraspecific divergence possibly reflecting geographic isolation and gene pool fragmentation. Significant genetic structures were revealed among the studied locations; specifically, the eight locations could be treated as six genetically different populations based on pairwise ΦST results (0.026–0.951, P<0.01). A significant pattern of isolation-by-distance was detected between the genetic and geographic distances (r=0.873, P=0.001). Three geographic lineages were defined based on phylogenetic tree and network analyses of COI haplotypes. AMOVA results indicated that genetic variations mainly occurred among the three lineages (89.96%). Tests of neutrality and mismatch distribution suggested that T. heterochaetus underwent recent population expansion. These results provide the first report on the genetic status of T. heterochaetus and will be valuable for the management of genetic resources and better understanding of the ecology and evolution in this species.

     

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