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Lorenzo Alibardi. 2018: 蜥蜴重复断尾或烧灼减弱尾部再生与芽基内免疫细胞的增加. 动物学研究, 39(6): 413-423. DOI: 10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2018.050
引用本文: Lorenzo Alibardi. 2018: 蜥蜴重复断尾或烧灼减弱尾部再生与芽基内免疫细胞的增加. 动物学研究, 39(6): 413-423. DOI: 10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2018.050
Lorenzo Alibardi. 2018: Tail regeneration reduction in lizards after repetitive amputation or cauterization reflects an increase of immune cells in blastemas. Zoological Research, 39(6): 413-423. DOI: 10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2018.050
Citation: Lorenzo Alibardi. 2018: Tail regeneration reduction in lizards after repetitive amputation or cauterization reflects an increase of immune cells in blastemas. Zoological Research, 39(6): 413-423. DOI: 10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2018.050

蜥蜴重复断尾或烧灼减弱尾部再生与芽基内免疫细胞的增加

Tail regeneration reduction in lizards after repetitive amputation or cauterization reflects an increase of immune cells in blastemas

  • 摘要: 蜥蜴是研究器官再生重要的羊膜动物模型,蜥蜴尾部再生时,芽基内间充质细胞中分布有稀疏的粒细胞、巨噬细胞和淋巴细胞。将蜥蜴第三节和第四节尾部断肢后,采用透射电子显微镜观察瘢痕芽基,发现3~4周内,芽基内粒细胞、巨噬细胞和淋巴细胞的数量与第一次再生相比有所增加。芽基烧灼瘢痕形成的一周内,芽基内粒细胞和类粒细胞增多。在蜥蜴第三次和第四次尾部再生中,血液白细胞数量和正常状态及第一次再生相比,显著增多。芽基烧灼后,瘢痕芽基内的细胞外基质比正常芽基致密,电镜下颜色苍白的细纤维蛋白样物质混合可变胶原纤维包围着大量的白细胞和成纤维细胞。结合之前的研究,我们的观察支持如下假说,即增加的炎症和免疫反应决定了瘢痕形成,而非再生,这些新发现证实再生的芽基内间充质和表皮细胞的免疫反应是羊膜动物器官再生失败的主要原因之一。

     

    Abstract: Lizards are key amniote models for studying organ regeneration. During tail regeneration in lizards, blastemas contain sparse granulocytes, macrophages, and lymphocytes among the prevalent mesenchymal cells. Using transmission electron microscopy to examine scarring blastemas after third and fourth sequential tail amputations, the number of granulocytes, macrophages, and lymphocytes increased at 3–4 weeks in comparison to the first regeneration. An increase in granulocytes and agranulocytes also occurred within a week after blastema cauterization during the process of scarring. Blood at the third and fourth regeneration also showed a significant increase in white blood cells compared with that under normal conditions and at the first regeneration. The extracellular matrix of the scarring blastema, especially after cauterization, was denser than that in the normal blastema and numerous white blood cells and fibroblasts were surrounded by electron-pale, fine fibrinoid material mixed with variable collagen fibrils. In addition to previous studies, the present observations support the hypothesis that an increase in inflammation and immune reactions determine scarring rather than regeneration. These new findings verify that an immune reaction against mesenchymal and epidermal cells of the regenerative blastema is one of the main causes for the failure of organ regeneration in amniotes.

     

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