车轮虫分类与系统发育研究进展

Progress in the Taxonomy and Phylogeny of Trichodinids

摘要: 车轮虫属一大类寄生性纤毛虫原生动物，可不同程度地给宿主造成危害，故对其研究既具有理论意义，又具有经济价值。文中简单回顾了车轮虫的分类研究和系统发育研究的历史。在分类学研究领域方面，全面介绍了目前车轮虫科已发现属的寄生部位和地理分布等；而系统发育研究领域方面，则介绍了车轮虫研究在萌芽期、探索期和发展期这三个时期的进展，包括形态学和分子生物学两方面的研究内容。并对该领域今后应进行的研究提出了建议。

Abstract: Trichodinids (Ciliophora: Peritrichida) are one of the most common parasitic ciliates, which can cause serious diseases in aquaculture animals of both marine and freshwater environments. Therefore the study of these ciliates is necessary in order to prevent and control such diseases. Here we review the history of the taxonomy and phylogeny of the trichodinids. Under taxonomy, we introduce the parasitic positions and geographic distribution of trichodinids. Furthermore, we summarize a three-stage pylogenetic process based on morphological and molecular characters. Finally, we make some suggestions on the future study of the taxonomy and phylogeny of trichodinids.