老君山自然保护区四川山鹧鸪非繁殖期对栖息地的利用(英文)
Habitat Utilization of the Sichuan Hill Partridge (Arborophila rufipectus) in the Non-breeding Period in Laojunshan Nature Reserve (in English)
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摘要: 四川山鹧鸪（Arborophila rufipectus）是中国西南山地特产珍稀鸟类，由于亚热带阔叶林破碎化，其种群数量显著下降。2005年11—12月在老君山自然保护区，共记录四川山鹧鸪非繁殖期栖息地20个。以其新鲜粪便为中心设一个10 m×10 m大样方和4个1 m×1 m的小样方，测量每个样方中与栖息地利用有关的12个生境因子(海拔、坡向、坡度、乔木层盖度、灌木高、灌木密度、灌木层盖度、竹盖度、竹密度、雪盖度、林缘距离和道路距离)；并在距栖息地100 m处任意设对照样方1—2个，共获取30个对照样方，测量相同的生境因子。结果表明，四川山鹧鸪非繁殖期以靠近林间小道和森林边缘的次生落叶阔叶林为栖息地，主要利用海拔高度为1 000—1 600 m，坡度为2—15°的南坡；其偏爱的栖息地竹盖度、竹密度和雪盖度明显小于对照样方，而灌木盖度明显大于对照样方。对栖息地变量进一步分析表明，影响四川山鹧鸪栖息地利用的主要因子依次为地面层食物因子、地型因子、隐蔽因子、温度因子等，其中食物条件的贡献率为29.407%。四川山鹧鸪在利用栖息地时可能面对食物资源与天敌风险的权衡。因此，为了更好地保护四川山鹧鸪栖息地，应重视阔叶林的保护和恢复。Abstract: The Sichuan Hill Partridge (Arborophila rufipectus) requires successional broadleaf forest and their populations have declined as a result of fragmentation of endemic bird areas in subtropical forest in the mountains of southwestern China. In this paper, habitat utilization of the Sichuan Hill Partridge was studied in replanted broadleaf forests, in Laojunshan Nature Reserve of Sichuan, to determine the importance of habitat features, during the non-breeding period from November to December 2005. The Sichuan Hill Partridge utilized habitats within elevations of 1 000 to 1 600 m and with a south-facing slope of two to 15 degrees, close to road and forest edges. The birds preferred sites with smaller bamboo density, lower bamboo cover and snow cover and shrub cover was greater at used sites than at random sites. Principal components analysis indicated that food on the ground layer, topographic condition, concealment and temperature were the first four components of bird habitat selection, and the load of the first component was 29.407%. The findings indicated that the Sichuan Hill Partridge might face the well-documented trade-off between food resource and predation risk when utilizing habitat. We suggest that the conservation and restoration of successional broadleaf forest habitats will benefit the Sichuan Hill Partridge.
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