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宋文宇, 李学友, 陈中正, 李权, OnditiKenneth Otieno, 何水旺, 蒋学龙. 2020: 高山隔离生境小型兽类群落物种和功能β多样性格局及其驱动因素. 动物学研究, 41(6): 670-683. DOI: 10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2020.085
引用本文: 宋文宇, 李学友, 陈中正, 李权, OnditiKenneth Otieno, 何水旺, 蒋学龙. 2020: 高山隔离生境小型兽类群落物种和功能β多样性格局及其驱动因素. 动物学研究, 41(6): 670-683. DOI: 10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2020.085
Wen-Yu Song, Xue-You Li, Zhong-Zheng Chen, Quan Li, Kenneth Otieno Onditi, Shui-Wang He, Xue-Long Jiang. 2020: Isolated alpine habitats reveal disparate ecological drivers of taxonomic and functional beta-diversity of small mammal assemblages. Zoological Research, 41(6): 670-683. DOI: 10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2020.085
Citation: Wen-Yu Song, Xue-You Li, Zhong-Zheng Chen, Quan Li, Kenneth Otieno Onditi, Shui-Wang He, Xue-Long Jiang. 2020: Isolated alpine habitats reveal disparate ecological drivers of taxonomic and functional beta-diversity of small mammal assemblages. Zoological Research, 41(6): 670-683. DOI: 10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2020.085

高山隔离生境小型兽类群落物种和功能β多样性格局及其驱动因素

Isolated alpine habitats reveal disparate ecological drivers of taxonomic and functional beta-diversity of small mammal assemblages

  • 摘要: 理解生物多样性格局及其形成过程通常需要综合考虑地理和环境因素的影响。不同的高山群落在地理上可能受到峡谷、江河、人类活动等阻隔,但共享相似的栖息地环境。这些受到隔离的同质栖息地可能在促进物种形成的同时限制功能性状的变化。在本研究中,我们以非飞行小型兽类为研究对象,对高山栖息地的扩散限制过程促进物种分化,但栖息地相似性导致功能性状收敛的假说进行了验证。我们对三江并流区18个高山样点的非飞行小型兽类进行了标准化野外采样。计算了物种和功能α和β多样性,以及β多样性成分的相关指数。然后,我们分别评价了地理和环境因素对上述多样性指标的解释程度。结果并未显示局地尺度的功能结构比预期更加相似。但物种周转成分高于功能周转成分(0.471±0.230 vs. 0.243±0.215),且物种嵌套成分低于功能嵌套成分(0.063±0.054 vs. 0.269±0.225),说明不同高山样点间的物种组成差异是由功能相似的物种引起的。物种总β多样性及周转成分仅受地理隔离驱动,而功能总β多样性及周转成分主要受到低温等环境因子驱动。我们的结果证明,在特定情况下,同一区域内物种和功能β多样性及其成分的主要生态驱动因素可能并不一致。该结果提示了通过β多样性分解可以极大程度加深我们对生物多样性格局及其驱动因素的理解。本研究还为极端环境中的陆生哺乳动物群落构建过程提供了实际案例。

     

    Abstract: The interpretation of patterns of biodiversity requires the disentanglement of geographical and environmental variables. Disjunct alpine communities are geographically isolated from one another but experience similar environmental impacts. Isolated homogenous habitats may promote speciation but constrain functional trait variation. In this study, we examined the hypothesis that dispersal limitation promotes taxonomic divergence, whereas habitat similarity in alpine mountains leads to functional convergence. We performed standardized field investigation to sample non-volant small mammals from 18 prominent alpine sites in the Three Parallel Rivers area. We estimated indices quantifying taxonomic and functional alpha- and beta-diversity, as well as beta-diversity components. We then assessed the respective importance of geographical and environmental predictors in explaining taxonomic and functional compositions. No evidence was found to show that species were more functionally similar than expected in local assemblages. However, the taxonomic turnover components were higher than functional ones (0.471±0.230 vs. 0.243±0.215), with nestedness components showing the opposite pattern (0.063±0.054 vs. 0.269±0.225). This indicated that differences in taxonomic compositions between sites occurred from replacement of functionally similar species. Geographical barriers were the key factor influencing both taxonomic total dissimilarity and turnover components, whereas functional beta-diversity was primarily explained by climatic factors such as minimum temperature of the coldest month. Our findings provide empirical evidence that taxonomic and functional diversity patterns can be independently driven by different ecological processes. Our results point to the importance of clarifying different components of beta-diversity to understand the underlying mechanisms of community assembly. These results also shed light on the assembly rules and ecological processes of terrestrial mammal communities in extreme environments.

     

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