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熊金波, 聂力, 陈炯. 2019: 肠道菌群在鱼类疾病和免疫中作用的研究进展. 动物学研究, 40(2): 70-76. DOI: 10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2018.069
引用本文: 熊金波, 聂力, 陈炯. 2019: 肠道菌群在鱼类疾病和免疫中作用的研究进展. 动物学研究, 40(2): 70-76. DOI: 10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2018.069
Jin-Bo Xiong, Li Nie, Jiong Chen. 2019: Current understanding on the roles of gut microbiota in fish disease and immunity. Zoological Research, 40(2): 70-76. DOI: 10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2018.069
Citation: Jin-Bo Xiong, Li Nie, Jiong Chen. 2019: Current understanding on the roles of gut microbiota in fish disease and immunity. Zoological Research, 40(2): 70-76. DOI: 10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2018.069

肠道菌群在鱼类疾病和免疫中作用的研究进展

Current understanding on the roles of gut microbiota in fish disease and immunity

  • 摘要: 集约化的水产养殖导致了鱼类疾病的频繁爆发且日益严重。鉴于肠道菌群在宿主生理及病理过程中扮演着重要作用,调控该微生物群体的组成成为缓和水生生物疾病频发的有效手段。因此,对于鱼类健康、菌群及入侵病原之间的网络关系的深入了解是实现该调控的前提。本综述总结了目前已有的相关研究,聚焦于鱼类疾病、肠道菌群失调及免疫反应之间的关系。此外,还从生态学角度讨论了鱼类疾病研究的最新进展,包括共栖生物的拮抗作用及病原菌应对宿主肠道菌群及免疫系统采取的逃逸措施。本综述还为今后的研究提出若干研究方向,例如探讨鱼类疾病与特定细菌类群间的因果关系,以及为水生生物疾病的快速诊断找到通用的肠道菌群标记。

     

    Abstract: Intensive aquaculture has increased the severity and frequency of fish diseases. Given the functional importance of gut microbiota in various facets of host physiology, modulation of this microbiota is a feasible strategy to mitigate emerging diseases in aquaculture. To achieve this, a fundamental understanding of the interplay among fish health, microbiota, and invading pathogens is required. This mini-review focuses on current knowledge regarding the associations between fish diseases, dysbiosis of gut microbiota, and immune responses. Furthermore, updated research on fish disease from an ecological perspective is discussed, including colonization resistance imposed by commensals and strategies used by pathogens to overcome resistance. We also propose several directions for future research, such as exploration of the causal links between fish diseases and specific taxa, and identification of universal gut microbial biomarkers for rapid disease diagnosis.

     

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