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马驰, 熊为国, 杨立, 张璐, TomlinPeter Robert, 陈武, 范朋飞. 2020: 印支灰叶猴 (Trachypithecus crepusculus) 林层利用及森林覆盖率对乌叶猴属 (Trachypithecus) 地栖性的影响. 动物学研究, 41(4): 373-380. DOI: 10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2020.047
引用本文: 马驰, 熊为国, 杨立, 张璐, TomlinPeter Robert, 陈武, 范朋飞. 2020: 印支灰叶猴 (Trachypithecus crepusculus) 林层利用及森林覆盖率对乌叶猴属 (Trachypithecus) 地栖性的影响. 动物学研究, 41(4): 373-380. DOI: 10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2020.047
Chi Ma, Wei-Guo Xiong, Li Yang, Lu Zhang, Peter Robert Tomlin, Wu Chen, Peng-Fei Fan. 2020: Living in forests: strata use by Indo-Chinese gray langurs (Trachypithecus crepusculus) and the effect of forest cover on Trachypithecus terrestriality. Zoological Research, 41(4): 373-380. DOI: 10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2020.047
Citation: Chi Ma, Wei-Guo Xiong, Li Yang, Lu Zhang, Peter Robert Tomlin, Wu Chen, Peng-Fei Fan. 2020: Living in forests: strata use by Indo-Chinese gray langurs (Trachypithecus crepusculus) and the effect of forest cover on Trachypithecus terrestriality. Zoological Research, 41(4): 373-380. DOI: 10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2020.047

印支灰叶猴 (Trachypithecus crepusculus) 林层利用及森林覆盖率对乌叶猴属 (Trachypithecus) 地栖性的影响

Living in forests: strata use by Indo-Chinese gray langurs (Trachypithecus crepusculus) and the effect of forest cover on Trachypithecus terrestriality

  • 摘要: 研究动物在不同栖息地条件下表现出的行为弹性对于濒危物种保护来说至关重要。乌叶猴属动物生活在多样的栖息地中,表现出不同的林层利用模式;然而栖息地结构对于林层利用的影响尚未得到深入研究。本研究于2012年6月至2016年1月调查了印支灰叶猴 (Trachypithecus crepusculus) 在无量山原始常绿林中的林层利用模式,并且比较了印支灰叶猴和其它5个乌叶猴属物种在林层利用和地栖行为上的异同。不同于生活在喀斯特石山的叶猴,印支灰叶猴研究群体表现出高度的树栖性,在地面活动的时间只占总活动时间的2.9%。研究群体倾向于在较高的林层休息,在较低的林层 (<20m) 移动;在地面的时间主要用于食土,极少用于取食其它食物。这些林层利用模式与石山叶猴 (黑叶猴,T. francoisi) 在连续性较好的森林中的行为相似。本研究还发现乌叶猴属地栖程度与栖息地森林覆盖率之间存在显著的负相关关系,这种关系在石山叶猴内部也具有显著性,暗示石山叶猴因森林覆盖率的下降而提高了地栖性。本研究结果揭示了乌叶猴属物种在林层利用方面的行为弹性,强调了连续程度高的森林对于叶猴保护的重要性。

     

    Abstract: Studies on behavioral flexibility in response to habitat differences and degradation are crucial for developing conservation strategies for endangered species. Trachypithecus species inhabit various habitats and display different patterns of strata use; however, the effect of habitat structure on strata use remains poorly studied. Here, we investigated strata use patterns of Indo-Chinese gray langurs (Trachypithecus crepusculus) in a primary evergreen forest in Mt. Wuliang, southwest China, from June 2012 to January 2016. In addition, we compared T. crepusculus strata use and terrestriality with five other Trachypithecus species from previous studies. Unlike langurs living in karst forests, our study group was typically arboreal and spent only 2.9% of time on the ground. The group showed a preference for higher strata when resting and lower strata (<20 m) when moving. The langurs primarily used time on the ground for geophagy, but otherwise avoided the ground during feeding. These strata use patterns are similar to those of limestone langurs (T. francoisi) when using continuous forests. At the genus level (n=6 species), we found a negative relationship between habitat forest cover and terrestriality. This negative relationship was also true for the five limestone langur species, implying limestone langurs increase territoriality in response to decreased forest cover. Our results document behavioral flexibility in strata use of Trachypithecus langurs and highlight the importance of the protection of continuous forests to promote langur conservation.

     

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